Tabela wytrzymałości chemicznej

Dotyczy butów oraz innych produktów wykonanych z tworzyw sztucznych.

Użyte oznaczenia:

Wytrzymałość zadowalająca

Wytrzymałość umiarkowana - możliwe naruszenia tworzywa przez daną substancję chemiczną lub jej wchłonięcia. Dany materiał może być użyty w wypadku gdy nie istnieje lepsza alternatywa oraz gdy skrócony czas użytkowania jest do zaakceptowania. Uwaga: Wymagane jest wykonanie testów w rzeczywistych warunkach!

Wytrzymałość niezadowalająca - możliwy rozkład, zniszczenie, rozpuszczenie, wchłonięcie lub rozwarstwienie danego tworzywa

Dla określonych substancji chemicznych odporność danego tworzywa została określona na podstawie odporności na inne podobne substancje. W takich wypadkach obok wskaźnika odporności zastosowany jest symbol gwiazdki(*).

Można zakładać, że odporność chemiczna spada wraz ze wzrostem temperatury i jednocześnie wzrostem koncentracji substancji chemicznej. Twierdzenie odwrotne jest również prawdziwe.

Nie można zakładać kierunku zmiany odporności w wypadku, gdy temperatura i gęstość substancji zmieniają się w przeciwnych kierunkach (temperatura rośnie, gęstość maleje i odwrotnie).

Gdy dla danej substancji określono wytrzymałość jako umiarkowaną, nie należy stosować danego tworzywa w warunkach innych od przedstawionych w tabeli.

oznacza odporność chemiczną poliuretanowych ochron lub ochron kompozytowych powlekanych poliuretanem. Poliuretan nie jest zalecany w wypadku ciągłego kontaktu z wodą powyżej 40°C (lub roztworów zawierających wodę w tej temperaturze) z powodu zjawiska hydrolizy.

UWAGA: Wszystkie informacje zawarte w powyższej tabeli mają charakter poglądowy i w żadnym wypadku nie powinny być jedynym kryterium doboru rodzaju tworzywa do ochrony przed daną substancją chemiczną. Zaleca się wykonanie testów w warunkach rzeczywistych oraz skonsultowanie się ze specjalistą.

Związek	Stężenie	PCV-P		Nylon		Poliester		Polietylen mała gęstość		Poliuretan
		20°C	60°C	20°C	60°C	20°C	60°C	20°C	60°C	20°C	60°C
acetaldehyde										*
	40% aq. solution		*
	100%	*	*
acetic acid	Dilute									*
	10% aq. solution
	20%						*
	30%						*
	50%
	60% aq. solution
	Higher concs.									*
	Concentrated
	Glacial (conc.)						*			*
acetic anhydride		*	*			*		*		*
acetone (dimethyl ketone)							*
	Traces						*
	100%
acetonitrile			*
acetophenone (methyl phenyl ketone)		*	*
acetophenetidine		*	*
acetylene gas							*
adipic acid
alcohol, allyl		*	*
alcohol, amyl
alcohol, benzyl		*	*
alcohol, butyl
alcohol, cetyl		*	*
alcohol, dodecyl (dodeconol)		*	*
alcohol, ethyl	40% w/w water
	100%	*
alcohol, furfuryl		*
alcohol, hexyl		*
alcohol, isopropyl
alcohol, lauryl		*
alcohol, methyl	6% aq. solution
	100%
alcohol, nonyl (nonanol)		*
alcohol, octyl (octanol)		*
alcohol, propargyl
aliphatic hydrocarbons
allyl chloride		*	*
alum				*	*	*				*
aluminimum acetate		*
aluminium chloride		*		*	*	*	*			*
aluminium fluoride		*
aluminium hydroxide		*
aluminium nitrate		*	*
aluminium oxalate		*	*
aluminium oxychloride		*
aluminium potassium sulphate
aluminium sulphate		*	*	*	*	*	*			*
ammonia	0.88 s.g. aq. solution
	Anhydrous gas									*
	Anhydrous liquid	*	*
ammonia aqueous										*
ammonium bicarbonate		*	*
ammonium bifluoride		*	*
ammonium carbonate		*	*
ammonium chloride				*	*		*			*
ammonium fluoride		*
ammonium hydrosulphide		*
ammonium hydroxide						*	*
	Dilute									*
ammonium metaphosphate		*	*
ammonium nitrate		*	*
ammonium oxalate		*	*
ammonium persulphate		*	*
ammonium phosphate		*	*
ammonium sulphate							*			*
ammonium sulphide
ammonium thiocyanate		*	*
amyl acetate (pentyl acetate)		*	*
amyl alcohol				*	*
amyl chloride (pentyl chloride)		*	*
anethole
aniline (amino benzene)								*	*
aniline hydrochloride		*	*
aniline sulphate		*
animal oils		*
anthraquinone
anthraquinone sulphonic acid
antimony chloride		*	*
antimony trichloride		*	*
aqua\regia	Dilute
	Concentrated
arcton 6 (refrigerant)
arcton 11 (refrigerant)						*				*
arcton 12 (refrigerant)						*				*
arcton 22 (refrigerant)										*
arcton 113 (refrigerant)										*
arcton 114 (refrigerant)						*
arsenic acid	Concentrated
arysulphonic acid			*
barium carbonate		*	*
barium chloride		*	*			*	*			*
barium hydroxide		*		*	*	*
	Dilute									*
barium sulphate		*	*
barium sulphide
beer										*
benzaldehyde	Traces	*	*							*
	100%	*	*
benzene							*
benzoic acid			*
benzoyl chloride		*	*
benzyl acetate			*
benzyl alcohol
bismuth carbonate		*	*
bleach (see calcium hypochlorite)
borax (sodium tetraborate)		*		*	*		*			*
boric acid		*		*			*
boron trifluoride
brine		*	*			*	*
bromine	Traces, gas	*	*
	100% (dry gas)	*	*
	Liquid	*	*			*	*
butadiene
butane							*
butanediol		*	*
butyl acetate		*	*
butyl alcohol (butanol)						*			*	*
butyl chloride		*	*
butyl phonel
butyraldehyde		*	*
butyric acid
	20% aq. solution	*
	Concentrated	*	*
calcium arsenate
calcium bisulphite
calcium carbonate		*	*
calcium chlorate		*	*
calcium chloride	Aq. solution						*			*
	20% in methyl alcohol		*
calcium hydroxide (lime solution)		*		*		*
	Dilute									*
calcium hypochlorite
(chloride of lime, bleach)	Dilute			*
	-5%
calcium nitrate		*	*
calcium phosphate		*	*
calcium sulphate		*	*
carbitol acetate
carbolic acid (phenol(s)
carbon dioxide		*	*	*	*		*				*
carbon disulphide							*			*
carbon monoxide		*	*
carbon tetrachloride							*
carbonic acid			*
casein			*
castor oil							*			*	*
chloracetic acid			*
chloral hydrate		*	*
chloric acid
chlorine	10% (dry gas)					*	*
	100% (dry gas)					(Dry & Wet)
	10% (moist gas)
chlorine trifluoride		*	*
chlorine water	2%
	Sat. solution		*
chlorobenzene
chloroform		*	*
chlorosulphonic acid		*	*
chrome alum (chrominium		*	*
potassium sulphate)
chromic acid
	Plating solution
	10%
cider		*				*
citric acid							*
	Dilute
coal gas
copper chloride		*	*
copper cyanide
copper fluoride		*	*
copper nitrate		*	*
copper sulphate		*	*				*			*
creosote				*	*	*	*
cresols (inc. cresylic acid)				*	*	*	*
crotonaldehyde		*	*
crude oil						*				*	*
	Petroleum oil
cupric chloride
cupric fluoride		*
cupric nitrate		*	*
cupric sulphate
cyanide										*
cyclohexane								*	*	*
cyclohexanol		*	*
cyclohexanone		*	*
d.d.t. preparation
decalin
detergents, alkaline						*	*	*	*
detergent, synthetic	All concentrations	*				*	*			*
developers, photographic		*	*
dextrin (starch gum)		*	*	*	*	*				*
dextrose		*	*	*	*	*	*			*
di acetone alcohol
di ammonium phosphate
diamyl ether		*	*
diazo salts
dibutyl phthalate		*	*							*
dichlorodifluoromethane
dichlorethylene		*	*
dichlorobenzene		*	*
di chloro ethane
di chloro methane
di ethanolamine
	20%					*	*
diesel oil						*	*	*	*
diethylene glycol		*
diethyl ether (ether)										*
diethyl ketone		*	*
di isocyanate				*
dimethylamine
dimethylcarbinol (isopropyl alcohol)
di methyl formamide*										*
di methyl sulphoxide
di octyl phosphate
dioctyl phthalate		*	*							*
dioxane
disodium phosphate									*
emulsifiers	All concentrations	*	*
emulsions, photographic		*	*
ethane
ethyl acetate		*	*
ethyl acrylate		*	*
ethyl alcohol (ethanol)
	40%
	100%
ethyl butyrate		*	*
ethyl chloride		*	*
ethyl ether										*
ethyl formate		*	*
ethyl lactate		*	*
ethyl sulphate
ethylene bromide		*	*
ethylene chlorhydrin
ethylene chloride		*	*
ethylene dibromide		*	*
ethylene dichloride (dichloro ethane)		*	*
ethylene glycol (glycol)										*
ethylene oxide		*	*
ethylene oxide
fatty acids
ferric chloride						*	*			*
ferric nitrate		*	*
ferric sulphate
ferrous ammonium citrate		*	*
ferrous chloride
ferrous sulphate		*	*
fixing solution, photographic		*	*
flavours & essences						*		*		*
fluorine		*	*
fluosilicic acid
formaldehyde	40% w/w in water
formic acid	3% aq. solution									*	*
	10% aq. solution
	25% aq. solution
	50% aq. solution		*
	100%	*	*
french polish				*				*		*	*
freon 11 (refrigerant)						*				*
freon 12 (refrigerant)						*
freon 22 (refrigerant)						*
freon 113 (refrigerant)										*
	55°C
freon 114 (refrigerant)
fructose		*	*
fruit juice						*				*
fruit pulp			*
fuel oil						*	*				*
furfural (furfuraldehyde)		*	*
furfuryl alcohol
gallic acid
gas, coal or town - see coal gas
gas, natural (mainly methane)
see natural gas
gas oil						*		*	*	*
gaz (liquified petroleum gas)
glacial acetic acid
glucose			*			*	*			*
glycerine		*					*
glycerol		*
glycerol monobenzyl ether		*	*
glycol - see ethylene glycol
glycolic acid
grape sugar		*	*			*	*			*
greases, general								*	*	*
greases, mineral						*	*	*	*		*
ground nut oil				*	*	*	*			*	*
heptane										*
hexadecanol (cetyl alcohol)		*	*
hexane										*
hydrazine										*
hydrobromic acid	50% aq. solution
	100%	*	*
hydrochloric acid	Dilute									*
	1%
	10% aq. solution
	20%
	22% aq. solution
	37%
	Concentrated									*	*
hydrocyanic acid
hydrofluoric acid	Dilute									*	*
	4% aq. solution
	40% aq. solution
	48,75% and anhydrous
	60% aq. solution
	Concentrated
hydro fluosilicic acid	20%
	31%							*	*
hydrogen		*	*				*				*
hydrogen bromide	Anhydrous	*
hydrogen chloride	Anhydrous	*
hydrogen fluoride	Anhydrous	*
hydrogen peroxide	3% (10 vol.)
	6% w/w (20 vols)
	10%									*
	12% (40 vol.)
	30% (100 vol.)
	90% and above
	90% and above							(Up to	90%)
hydrogen phosphide (phosphine)		*	*
hydrogen sulphide
hydroquinone
hydroxylamine sulphate
hypochlorous acid			*
industrial methylated spirits (I.M.S.)				*	*	*					*
iodine, tincture of										*	*
solution in potassium		*	*							*	*
iodide				*				*	*
iso cyanates		*	*
isophorone										*	*
iso propyl alcohol
jet fuel				*				*	*	*
kerosene (paraffin oil)						*	*
	Up to 40°C
lactic acid (dodecanoic acid)						*				*
	10% aq. solution
	100%	*	*
lanoline		*
lauric acid		*
lauryl chloride
lead acetate		*	*							*
lead arsenate		*	*
lead nitrate		*
lead tetraethyl (see tetraethyl lead)		*
lime solution
(see calcium hydroxide)
linoleic acid
linseed cake
linseed oil				*	*	*					*
magnesium carbonate		*	*
magnesium chloride		*	*			*	*			*
	50%
magnesium hydroxide	Dilute									*
		*	*			*
magnesium nitrate		*	*
magnesium sulphate		*	*
maleic acid	25% aq. solution
	50% aq. solution
	Concentrated		*
manganese sulphate
melamine acid - catalyst lacquers		*	*
mercuric chloride		*	*
mercuric cyanide		*	*
mercurous nitrate		*	*
mercury		*	*				*			*	*
mesityl oxide		*	*
metallic soaps (water soluble)		*
methane										*
methyl acetate
methyl alcohol (methanol)											*
	6%								*
	100%
methyl bromide		*	*
methyl chloride (chloro methane)		*	*
methyl cyclohexanone		*	*
methyl ethyl ketone (M.E.K.)		*	*
methyl isobutyl ketone (M.I.B.K.)		*	*			*				*	*
methyl methacrylate		*	*
methyl sulphate		*
methyl sulphonic acid
methyl sulphuric acid	50% aq. solution
	60% aq. solution
	75% aq. solution
	90% aq. solution
methylated spirit				*	*	*					*
methylene chloride										*	*
(dichloro methane)
milk						*				*
mineral oils
mixed acids (sulphuric /nitric)	Various proportions		*
molasses			*
monochlorbenzene
mustard						*		*		*
naphtha											*
naphthalen		*	*
natural gas (mainly methane)					*					*
nickel chloride		*	*
nickel nitrate		*	*
nickel salts										*
nickel sulphate		*	*
nicotine
nicotinic acid
nitric acid	Dilute									*
	5% aq. solution
	10% aq. solution
	25% aq. solution
	50% aq. solution
	70% aq. solution		*
	95% aq. solution	*	*
	All concentrations
	Concentrated
nitrobenzene
nitrogen				*		*	*	*			*
nitropropane
nitrous fumes	Moist		*
nitrous oxide gas
oil, ASTM Oil No. 1											*
oil, ASTM Oil No. 3											*
oil, ASTM\ref. Fuel A											*
oil, ASTM\ref. Fuel B											*
oil, ASTM\ref. Fuel C
oil, animal										*	*
oil, crude - see crude oil
oil, diesel - see diesel oil
oil, etheral
oil, fuel - see fuel oil
oil, gas - see gas oil
oil, hydraulic, petroleum base											(Mineral)
	synthetic base
oil, mineral											*
(including common lubricating oils)
oil, paraffin - see kerosene
oil, transformer - see transformer oil
oil, of turpentine - see turpentine
oil, vegetable											*
oleic acid										*
oxalic acid
	10%										*
oxygen		*	*						*
ozone		*
palmitic acid		*
paraffin
penthane
perchloric acid			*
perchloroethylene								*	*	*	*
petrol
petrol, aliphatic	2 star
	3 star
	4 star
	5 star
	High Octane
petrol, aromatic (containing benzene)				*	*					*
petrol/benzene mixture	80:20\ratio	*	*
petroleum ether										*
phenol (s) (carbolic acid)			*
phenylcarbinol (benyl alcohol)			*
phenylhydrazine		*	*
phenylhydrazine hydrochloride
phosgene	Gas
	Liquid
phosphates		*	*
phosphoric acid	Dilute									*
	20% aq. solution
	25%
	30% aq. solution
	50% aq. solution
	90%
	95% aq. solution
phosphoric anhydride		*
phosphorus
phosphorus pentoxide		*
phosphorus trichloride		*	*
photographic developers		*	*
photographic emulsions		*	*
photographic fixing solutions		*	*
phthalic anhydride		*	*
picric acid (trinitro phenol)	1% w/w in water	*	*
	10% w/w in alcohol	*
polyester emulsions				*		*
polystrene emulsions				*		*
polyglycol ethers		*	*
potassium acid sulphate
potassium antimonate
potassium bicarbonate		*	*
potassium bichromate		*
potassium bisulphite			*
potassium borate		*	*
potassium bromate		*	*
potassium bromide		*	*
potassium carbonate		*	*
potassium chlorate		*	*
potassium choride
potassium chromate		*	*
potassium cuprocyanide
potassium cyanide
potassium dichromate						*				*
potassium ferricyanide		*	*
potassium ferrocyanide		*	*
potassium fluoride		*	*
potassium hydroxide (caustic potash)
	Dilute									*
	1% aq. solution
	10% aq. solution
	50%
	Concentrated
potassium hypochlorite
potassium nitrate (nitre, saltpetre)		*	*			*				*
potassium perborate		*	*
potassium perchlorite		*
potassium permanganate		*
	Dilute									*
	5%
potassium persulphate		*	*
potassium phosphate		*	*
potassium sulphate		*	*							*
potassium sulphide
potassium thiosulphate
propane										*
propylene dichloride		*	*
(1,2 dichloro propane)
propylene glycol		*
propylene oxide		*	*
pyridine
saccharose
salicylic acid		*	*
(ortho hydoxy benzoic acid)
saltpetre - see potassium nitrate
sea water		*	*
selenic acid
silver acetate		*	*
silver cyanide		*	*
silver nitrate
	Dilute									*
soap solution
soda water						*		*	*	*
sodium acetate		*
sodium acid sulphate
sodium aluminate		*	*
sodium antimonate
sodium benzoate		*	*
sodium bicarbonate		*				*				*
sodium bisulphate		*	*
(sodium hydrogen sulphate)
sodium bisulphite
sodium borate		*
sodium bromide		*	*
sodium carbonate (washing soda)		*
	Dilute									*
sodium chlorate		*	*							*
sodium chloride (common salt)										*
sodium cyanide
sodium ferricyanide		*	*
sodium ferrocyanide		*	*
sodium fluoride		*
sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)	Dilute									*
	1% aq. solution
	10% aq. solution
	20%
	40% aq. solution
	46%
	50%
	Concentrated									*	*
sodium hypochlorite	5%
(a bleaching agent)	15% Cl
	Dil.									*
sodium hyposulphate		*	*
sodium metaphosphate		*	*
sodium nitrate		*	*	*	*	*				*
sodium nitrite		*	*
sodium perborate		*
sodium peroxide		*	*
sodium phosphate		*	*
sodium silicate		*	*
sodium sulphate		*	*
sodium sulphide						*				*
	25% aq. solution
	Concentrated
sodium sulphite				*	*	*				*
sodium tetraborate		*
sodium thiosulphate
soft soap
solvent naptha						*		*	*	*
stannic chloride
stannous chloride
starch		*	*
steam - see water
stearic acid		*	*			*
stearin (also stearine)								*	*
styrene						*	*			*
sucrose (cane or beet sugar)		*	*	*	*	*	*			*
sulphamic acid
sulphur				*	*					*
	Colloidal
	Molten					*	*
sulphur dioxide	Gas & Liquid					*
	Dry	*	*
	Moist		*
	Liquid		*
	10%
sulphur trioxide
sulphuric acid	Dilute									*
	1%
	10% aq. solution
	20% aq. solution
	30% aq. solution
	40% aq. solution
	45% aq. solution
	50% aq. solution
	55% aq. solution
	60% aq. solution
	70% aq. solution
	80% aq. solution
	90% aq. solution
	95% aq. solution
	98% aq. solution
	Fuming
	Concentrated									*	*
sulphurous acid	10% aq. solution
	30% aq. solution
surface active agents (emulsifiers,	All concentrations	*	*
(synthetic detergents & wetting agents)
synthetic detergents	All concentrations	*
tallow		*
tannic acid
tanning extracts		*
tartaric acid						*
	Dilute									*
	10%
tetra ethyl lead		*
tetrahydrofuran		*	*
tetrahydronaphthalene
tetralin
thionyl chloride
toluene		*	*
town gas - see coal gas
transformer oil				*						*	*
tributyl phosphate		*	*			*		*	*	*
trichloracetic acid			*
trichloroethane		*	*			*	*			*	*
trichloroethylene
trichlorobenzene		*	*
tricresyl phosphate		*	*							*	*
triethanolamine
triethylene glycol		*
trimethylamine
trimethylpropane
trisodium phosphate										*	*
turpentine						*					*
turps substitute - see white spirit
urea		*
urea, formaldehde soln.				*		*
urea, soln.						*				*
uric acid
	Dilute					*	*
vegetable oils
vinegar		*
vinyl acetate		*	*
water
	100°C
	70°C
	40°C (up to)
steam	110°C
	100°C
water, sea - see sea water
water, soda - see soda water
wetting agents	All concentrations	*	*
white spirit								*	*
wines and spirits
xylene (dimethyl benzene)		*	*					*
xylenol (dimethyl phenol)		*	*
yeast		*
zinc ammonium carbonate		*	*
zinc carbonate		*	*
zinc chloride		*	*		*		*			*
zinc oxide		*	*
zinc sulphide